Apparatus for beating and manipulating paper-pulp



(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet J. JORDAN.

APPARATUS FOR BEATING AND MANIPULATING PAPER PULP. No. 314,248. PatentedMar. 24, 1885.

N. PETERS. FholwLilhogmphnr. wahin mn. D. c. 7

STA ES I NIIE JOSEPH JORDAN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

APPARATUS FOR BEATlNG AND MANIPULATING PAPER-PULP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 314,248, dated lwarch24:, 1885.

7 Application filcd February 18, 1885. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Beit known that I, J osnrn J ORDAN, a citizen of the United States, anda resident of Philaing had to the annexed drawings, making part hereof.

The object of my present invention is to thoroughly beat the pulp incourse of treatment, and to permit the operator to manipulate the samewhile it is passing through an inclosed pulp-engine,and to secure anydesired attenuation, elongation, or drawing of the fibers compatiblewith the quality of the pulp under treatment, in my specificationfollowing I will set forth fully how this is accomplished.

The nature of my invention will fully appear from the followingdescription and claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of my device; Fig. 2, anend view of the large end of the revolving beater; Fig. 3, a sideelevation of the same, showing the variation in the number of knivesfrom the large to the small end and the pockets or spaces left aroundthe smaller surface between certain of the knives; Fig. 4, an end viewof the small end of the revolving beater; Fig. 5, a detached perspectiveview of the smooth plate surroundthe interior of the hole where the pulpenters the outer shell; Fig. 6, a vertical longitudinal sectional viewon the line V \V' of Fig. 7; Fig. 7, a cross-sectional view on the lineX Y of Fig. 6; Fig. 8, a detached longitudinal view on the line V W ofFig. 7 to show the plate, Fig. 5, when in position. In Sheet 2, Fig. 9,is an enlarged side view of the rotating beater, showing moreparticularly my arrangement of the knives. p a

This device is an improvement upon that describedin my Letters Patent ofMay 18, 1858, for grinding and sizing paper-pulp.

A is the outer shell of my engine, consisting of ahollow iron conicalfrustum armed interiorly with a series of staggered knives,B B B. (SeeFig. 6.) I have shown three sets or series of these knives, but thenumber of series can be variedthat is, increased in proportion .to thelength of the engine. The se upon each side of the hole 0, where thepulp enters, and in this space I set a concave metal plate, D,pierced'to correspond with the hole O, and extending longitudinally tothe small end of the shell Ain one direction and to about acorresponding distance along the inner surface of shell A in the otherdirection. This plate D is of a thickness considerablyless than thedepth of the knives B, whereby, as the knives of the inner cone revolvepast the point occupied by this concave plate, they will pass an openelongated space of greater area than that of the feed-hole O, which willinsure the spreading of the incoming niass of pulp over a greater areaof revolving knives than if-the feed were direct and simply from thehole G upon the revolving knives. I thus feed upon a greater surface ofrevolving knives than if the feed were from the hole 0 alone.

F is the interior revolving conical frustum armed longitudinally withknives E E While in the drawings, Fig. 3, there appear to befour's'eries of knives, I generally use but three series, E E E, thoseof the first series, E, being equidistant from each other at any pointof their length. These knives are of three lengths. Every other knife ofsection E stops upon reaching sec-tion E. In order, however, that myarrangement of the knives may be fully understood, I will number them asshown in Fig. 9, Sheet 2. Knife 1 passes the whole length of the threesections E E E. Number 2 stops upon reaching section E; number 3 atsection E; numbere at section E, numbers 5, 7, and 9 over all threesections; number '6 at section E; number 8 at section E"; number 10 atsection E; 11 at section E; 12 at section E; numbers 13, 15, and 17 overall three sections; 14 and 16 at D; and so the disposition of the knivesis continued until they are all in place. They are set into depressionsin iron rings on the face of the rotating beater,and are \vedgedintoplace by wooden strips between them, the strips be ing of less thicknessthan the depth of the knives. The manner of securing the knives in placeis well known in the arts as applied to the well-known Jordanpulp-engine.

I provide the open spaces G G G, which facilitate the traverse of thepulp, by increasing the propelling force of the small end ofthe cone,and the clustering of the knives of section E will give them strengthfrom their being in jrx'rapositiomwhereas if the large open spaces orpockets were'guarded or flanked by only single knives the mass of pulpin the open spaces would place too great strain upon the detachedknives. The combined action of three knivesin a cluster will result in amore thorough beating of the pulp than would result from that ofisolated knives separated by large spaces.

H, Fig. 1, is a pulley mounted upon the shaft of the revolving beater E.This shaft passes through both ends of the engine and is provided withstuffing-boxes H H.

I is the base or bed on which the engine is mounted; J, the exit-pipefor the pulp after treatment; K, a hand wheel and screw for shifting theposition of the inner beater, F.

This screw controls an iron strap, attached to which are two boltsconnected with the inovable bearing in which the end of the shaft of thebeater rests, and by turning this wheel or screw this bearing of theshaft is shifted, (drawn out orpushed in,) whereby the beater V is movedtoward one end or the other of the frustum A and the space between itand the inner face of the frustum A-that is, between thegrindingsurfaces-is increased or diminished. The details of constructionof this de vice are, however,well known to those skilled in the art ofmaking these engines.

L is a main water-pipe connected with the street-main; M,a water-pipeleading from the main water-pipe at M and uniting with it again at 1V N,a fan or other pump located upon pipe M to drive water through thelatter under greater pressure than that from the main pipe for thepurpose of driving water into the engine under force sufficient toovercome the back-pressure caused by the revolving grinder or beater.

O O O are three short pipes furnished with cocks or valves, andconnecting the pipe M with the interior of the engine at three differentpoints along the top of the latter.

P is a steam-pipe from a boiler, to admit steam to the engine below thecock of pipe 0; Q, a valve on the same. The pump N is driven by apulley, N. The object of these pipes is to permit the operator to admita strong current or jet of water into the engine between thegrinding-surfaces at any desired point of the manipulation of the pulp,and to regulate the quantity so admitted. The object of so admittingwater is to attenuate the pulp being treated by thinning it, to increasethe rapidity of its travel in the closed engine. By so attenuating itthe pulp becomes spread over a larger amount of surface than it wouldoccupy while in a denser condition. This I control in transit. The oldmethod necessitated the attenuation of the pulp or its conversion to adesired density to flow in a current before it entered the engine, whileby my method I accomplish this while it is in transit through theengine, regulating my supply of water at any one or more of the pipes OO O in such manner that I control the t-rituration, manipulation, orattenuation of the fibers best suited for the manufacture of the variousgrades, qualities, or textures of paper desired to be produced. In thisway I can produce a stronger and more flexible paper from less of thestronger and most expensive fibers, commonly called hard stock, thanwould be necessary by old methods, thereby lessening the cost andincreasing the product. In old methods, as I mentioned above, the pulpflowed or passed through the engine at one uniform density, as there wasno means of changing the density. of the pulp from its en trance to itsexit from the engine. The passage of the pulp depended entirely upon themotion of the grinder.

The operation of my device is as follows: My pulp is 'fed to the enginethrough opening 0 in as dense a condition as is compatible with itsreception into the engine. It then spreads over the area of knivesopposite to the space made by the thin plate D, and the grinding begins.The knives of the revolving beater keep the pulp in motion, and theincreasing diameter of the engine toward the large end thereof induces agradual traverse of the pulp from the entrance-point to the large ordischarge end. Thejudgment of the operative, which in old methods wasrequired to be exercised in converting the pulp to the proper densitybefore it entered the engine, is now exercised in manipulating andattenuating it during its transit through the same. The feed anddischarge of the pulp are continuous. The condition of the pulp comingfrom the engine will be his guide, if he is skilled in the art. Shouldhe find it too slow-that is, the pulp and the water having too great anaflinity for each othcrhe applies the water at an early stage, say fromcock 0, near the small end of the engine, which decreases the density ofthe pulp and increases the velocity of its movement, whereby it issubjected a less time to the beating action of the grinding-surfaces. Inconsequence the water is caused to shed or separate from the pulp morefreely. If, on the contrary, it is necessary to create the greatestaffinity between the fiber, water, coloring-matter, and other foreignmaterial, the less application of water through the pipes at the smallend the better. The water should then be applied at a point where themass is subjected to the greatest amount of grinding-- surtaceviz., saythrough pipe 0 or pipe 0, near the discharge end. All the variationsnecessary to produce variously desired results will suggest themselvesto one skillcd in the art of beating pulp, according to the nature ofthe fibers to be treated from time to time.

\Vhen my engine is in operation, I provide means to keep up an evensupply or pressure of water to the pipes O O O. In the ap'paratus shownI use a rotary pump, N, from a main water-pipe, as shown. There areother IIO blazes T 3 means of keeping up a steady pressure-for instance,a supply from an elevation, an elevated tank or reservoir, would insurethe necessary uniform pressure. The rapid revolution of the beater Fcreates a pressure outward, and the head of the incoming water throughpipes O O 0 must be. sufficient to overcome this pressure to insure itsentrance.

If it becomes necessary to increase the temperature of the contents ofthe engine, the cock of pipe 0 is closed and the valve Q is opened, whensteam is admitted through the pipe P.

R is abox, called a sand-catcher, to catch sand, grit, and otherdeleterious matters which might injure the knives. It opens through thelower part of outer shell, A, into the interior.

The pipe M enters the main pipe L after passing pipe 0, and returnsthereto any surplus water not used, thus keeping up a constantcirculation of water and maintaining an even pressure.

The feed of pulp to the engine is sustained in the usual way by a pumpor other wellknown device.

In addition to the advantages above named, I might mention that myinvention increases the product, results in less flouring, and createsgreater aftinity between the fibers than other methods. It increases thefulling properties of the same, and results in producing greateraffinity of the fibers for all foreign or mineral substances which maybe manipulated with the pulp, and it lessens the amount ofcoloring-matter necessary to produce the desired result.

I have shown my knives in section E in clusters of three knives, eachwith spaces or pockets. G between the clusters. This arrangement, so faras regards the number of knives in a cluster, can of course be variedand the principle of the construction be still maintained. Thus two orfour or five knives could be used in a cluster and approximately thesame resultsvbe obtained. The passages, pockets, or spaces G G in eithercase will in sure the rapid passage of the pulp toward the larger end ofthe engine.

I am well aware that pulp has been heretofore attenuated by the additionof water before it enters the closed grinder or as it runs in, and I donot claim this process, which is well-known. This part of my inventionre fers particularly to watering it after it has actually entered thegrinder and is being ground.

What I claim as new is 1. In a closed pulp-beating engine, thecombination of the outer conical frustum, A, the inner conical frustum,F, the opposing frictional surfaces of which are armed with grindingserrations or knives, and two water-pipes, O 0, provided with suitablecocks, whereby Water can be projected into the interior at one or twodifferent points in the operation of grinding, substantially asdescribed.

2. In a closed pulp-beating engine, three water-pipes, O O 0, providedwith suitable cocks and projecting through theouter shell, A, wherebywater can be projected into the interior at one, two, or three differentpoints in the operation of grinding, substantially as described.

3. In a closed pulp-beating engine,a waterpipe ,providod with a suitablecock and projecting through the outer shell, A, whereby water can beprojected into the interior at a point beyond that where the operationof grinding begins, substantially as described.

4. In a closed pulp-beating engine, the water-pipe O, projecting throughthe outer shell, A, and provided with a suitable cock, and steam-pipe P,connected with an opening through the outer shell, A, whereby eithersteam or water can be projected into the interior between thegrinding-surfaces at will, substantially as described.

5. In a closed pulp-beating engine, the water-pipe O, projecting throughthe outer shell, A, at one end provided with a suitable cock andconnected at the other with a watersupply pipe or conduit, whereby watercan be projected into the interior, substantially as and for thepurposes described.

6. In a closed pulp-beating engine, the water-pipe O, projecting throughthe shell A, at one end provided with a suitable cock, and connected atthe other end with a watersupply pipe or conduit, and a pump, N, toproject water under pressure into the interior of the pulp-engine,substantially as described.

7. In a closed pulp-beating engine, the watenpipe 0, provided with asuitable cock and projecting through the shell A at one end and at theother attached to a water-supply pipe, M,which latter is connected atboth ends with and draws from and empties into a main water-supplyconduit or holder, L, sub stantially as and for the purpose described.

8. In a closed pulp-beating engine, the combination of the outer conicalfrustum, A, and the inner conical frustum, F, the opposin g frictionalsurfaces of which are armed with grinding serrations or knives, thesection E of the smaller end of the inner frustum having its knivesarranged in close clusters of two or more, with open spaces or pockets Gbetween the clusters wider than the spaces between the knives formingsaid clusters, substantially as and for the purpose described.

9. In a closed pulp-beating engine, the combination of the outer conicalfrustum, A, and inner conical frustum, F, the opposing frictionalsurfaces of which are armed with grinding serrations or knives, thesection B at the smaller end of said outer frustum being provided with aspace containing the concave plate D, free from knives, immediatelysurrounding the opening 0, to attain a larger feeding-surface upon therevolving interior frustum, substantially as described.

10. In a closed beating-engine where pulp is ground between twogrinding-surfaces, the being treated at various stages of the opera- 1oprocess of continuously grinding the same tion of grinding to attenuatethe mass being and introducing water at various stages of the treated,substantially as and for the purposes process of grinding to attenuatethe mass bedescribed.

5 ing treated, substantially as described. JOSEPH JORDAN 11. In a closedbeating engine, wherein pulp is ground between two grinding-surfaces,\Vitnesses: the process of continuously grinding the same H. V. BUOKLEY,and introducing water to the mass actually WM. H. CARSON.

